Sql Server

(Off the top of my head...)

You could do something like:

SELECT CASE WHEN [1 aug] = 'Present' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END +
       CASE WHEN [2 aug] = 'Present' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END +
       ... 
       CASE WHEN [31 aug] = 'Present' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END AS DaysPresentInAugust

An alternative would be to use the UNPIVOT statement

SELECT Name, DayOfAugust, PresentOrNot
FROM (SELECT Name, [1 Aug], [2 Aug], ..., [31 Aug] FROM <your table>) p
UNPIVOT
     (PresentOrNot FOR DayOfAugust IN ([1 Aug], [2 Aug], ..., [31 Aug])) AS unp

Something like that.

Note: all code untested. Suggestions only. I'm not on a machine with SQL Server to test this stuff...